International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia
Volume 18, Issue 1 , Pages 15-21 , January 2009

A comparison of paracervical block with single-shot spinal for labour analgesia in multiparous women: a randomised controlled trial

,Accepted 1 January 2008.

References 

  1. ACOG Practice Bulletin No 36: Obstetric analgesia and anesthesia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2002; 78: 321–35.
  2. Eltzschig HK, Lieberman ES, Camann WR. Regional anesthesia and analgesia for labor and delivery. N Engl Med. 2003;348:319–332
  3. Ranta P, Jouppila P, Spalding M, Kangas-Saarela T, Jouppila R. Paracervical block – a viable alternative for labor pain relief?. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1995;74:122–126
  4. Rosen MA. Paracervical block for labor analgesia: a brief historic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186:S127–S130
  5. Nyirjesy I, Hawks BL, Hebert JE, Hopwood HG, Falls HC. Hazards of the use of paracervical block anesthesia in obstetrics. Am.J Obst Gynecol. 1963;87:231–235
  6. Teramo K, Widholm O. Studies of the effect of anaesthetics on foetus. I. The effect of paracervical block with mepivacaine upon foetal acid-base values. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1967;46(Suppl 2):1–39
  7. Jägerhorn M. Paracervical block in obstetrics. An improved injection method. A clinical and radiological study. Obstet Gynecol. 1975;64:724–727
  8. Carlsson BM, Johansson M, Westin B. Fetal heart rate pattern before and after paracervical anesthesia. A prospective study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1987;66:391–395
  9. Palomäki O, Huhtala H, Kirkinen P. A comparative study of the safety of 0.25% levobupivacaine and 0.25% racemic bupivacaine for paracervical block in the first stage of labor. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2005;84:956–961
  10. Mardirisoff C, Dumont L, Boulvain M, Tramer MR. Fetal bradycardia due to intrathecal opioids for labour analgesia: a systematic review. BJOG. 2002;109:274–281
  11. Ranta P, Jouppila P, Spalding M, Kangas-Saarela T, Hollmen A, Jouppila R. Parturients’ assessment of water blocks, pethidine, nitrous oxide, paracervical and epidural blocks in labour. Int J Obstet Anesth. 1994;3:193–198
  12. Jensen F, Qvist I, Brocks V, Secher NJ, Westergaard LG. Submucous paracervical blockade compared with intramuscular meperidine as analgesia during labor: a double-blind study. Obstet Gynecol. 1984;64:724–727
  13. Grenman S, Erkkola R, Kanto J, Schein M, Viinamäki O, Lindberg R. Epidural and paracervical blockades in obstetrics. Catecholamines, arginine, vasopressin and analgesic effect. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1986;65:699–704
  14. Manninen T, Aantaa R, Salonen M, Pirhonen J, Palo P. A comparison of the hemodynamic effects of paracervical block and epidural anesthesia for labor analgesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2000;44:441–445
  15. Inherited Clinical Guideline C. The Use of Electronic Fetal Monitoring. The use and interpretation of cardiotocography in intrapartum fetal surveillance. May 2001. www.nice.org.uk.
  16. Van de Velde M, Teunkens A, Hanssens M, Vandermeersch E, Verhaeghe J. Intrathecal sufentanil and fetal heart rate abnormalities: a double-blind, double placebo-controlled trial comparing two forms of combined spinal epidural analgesia with epidural analgesia in labor. Anesth Analg. 2004;98:1153–1159
  17. Palomäki O, Huhtala H, Kirkinen P. What determines the analgesic effect of paracervical block?. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2005;84:962–966
  18. Nieminen K, Puolakka J. Effective obstetric paracervical block with reduced dose of bupivacaine. A prospective randomized double-blind study comparing 25mg (0.25%) and 12.5mg (0.125%) of bupivacaine. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1997;76:50–54
  19. Clarke VT, Smiley RM, Finster M. Uterine hyperactivity after intrathecal injection of fentanyl for analgesia during labor: a cause of fetal bradycardia?. Anesthesiology. 1994;81:1083
  20. Friedlander JD, Fox HE, Cain CF, Dominguez CL, Smiley RM. Fetal bradycardia and uterine hyperactivity following subarachnoid administration of fentanyl during labor. Reg Anesth. 1997;22:378–381
  21. Palmer CM, Maciulla JE, Cork RC, Nogami WM, Gossler K, Alves D. The incidence of fetal heart rate changes after intrathecal fentanyl labor analgesia. Anesth Analg. 1999;88:577–581
  22. Eriksson SL, Blomberg I, Olofsson C. Single-shot intrathecal sufentanil with bupivacaine in late labour – analgesic quality and obstetric outcome. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2003;110:131–135
  23. Viitanen H, Viitanen M, Heikkilä M. Single-shot spinal block for labour analgesia in multiparous parturients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2005;49:1023–1029
  24. Halpern SH, Leighton BL, Ohlsson A, Barret JF, Rice A. Effect of epidural vs parenteral opioid analgesia on the progress of labor: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 1998;280:2105–2110
  25. Simmons SW, Cyna AM, Dennis AT, Hughes D. Combined spinal-epidural versus epidural analgesia in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;3:CD003401
  26. Reynolds F. Dural puncture and headache. In:  Reynolds F editors. Regional Analgesia in Obstetrics: A Millennium Update. London: Springer; 2000;p. 307–319
  27. Lambert DH, Hurley RJ, Hertwig L, Datta S. Role of needle gauge and tip configuration in the production of lumbar puncture headache. Reg Anesth. 1997;22:66–72
  28. Viitanen H, Porthan L, Viitanen M, Heula AL, Heikkilä M. Postpartum neurologic symptoms following single-shot spinal block for labour analgesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2005;49:1015–1022

PII: S0959-289X(08)00096-4

doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2008.01.020

International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia
Volume 18, Issue 1 , Pages 15-21 , January 2009